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    • 专利摘要:
    rash preventive controller, and monitoring method. a preventive eruption controller to seal a well bore pipe is provided. the eruption preventive controller has a housing containing a hole to receive the piping through it, and at least one sliding and positionable drawer inside the housing (each of the drawers having a drawer block to seal the fitting with the piping), an actuator to selectively activate the drawer block (the actuator comprising a sliding piston and positioned inside a cylinder), and a monitor to detect the piston inside. the monitor has a visual indicator on the outside of the cylinder. the visual indicator is operationally coupled to the piston to show a piston position as the piston moves inside the cylinder and where a drawer position can be determined.
    公开号:BR112012031718B1
    申请号:R112012031718-0
    申请日:2011-06-24
    公开日:2020-03-10
    发明作者:Joseph James Liotta；Eric Trevor Ensley；Christopher Dale Johnson
    申请人:National Oilwell Varco, L.P.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    “ERUPTION PREVENTIVE CONTROLLER, E, MONITORING METHOD” FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates generically to the techniques for performing operations in the location of wells. More specifically, the present invention relates to techniques for monitoring eruption preventers (BOP, for blowout preventers), for example, involving determining the location of a drawer block. 2. Description of Related Techniques.
    [0002] Oil field operations are typically performed to locate and collect valuable fluids inside well boreholes. Oil probes are positioned at well locations and tools inside the borehole, such as drilling tools, are used inside the earth to reach the reservoirs below the surface. Once the tools inside the hole form a well hole to reach a desired reservoir, the liners can be cemented into place inside the well hole, and the well hole completed to start fluid production from the well. reservoir. Pipes or conduits are typically positioned inside the well bore to enable fluids to pass under the surface to the surface.
    [0003] Leaking fluids under the surface can present a significant environmental threat if released from the well bore. Equipment, such as a preventive eruption controller (BOPs), is always positioned over the well bore to form a seal over the pipes and to prevent fluid leakage while being brought to the surface. In some cases, BOPs employ drawers and / or drawer blocks to seal the well bore. Some examples of drawer BOPs and / or drawer blocks are provided by United States Patents / Requirements (USA) Nos. 4647002, 6173770, 5025708, 7051989, 5575452, 6374925, 2008/0265188, 5735502, 5897094, 7234530 and 2009/0056132. The location of a BOP drawer and / or drawer block can be measured visually by looking at the tail of the drawer block axis.
    [0004] Drawer position sensors can be provided as described, for example, in U.S. Patent / Requirements No. 2008/0197306, 4922423, 5320325, 5407172, and 7274989.
    [0005] Despite the development of techniques involving BOPs and / or drawer blocks, there is still a need to provide advanced techniques for monitoring BOP operation. The present invention is directed to meeting those needs of the art.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0006] In at least one aspect, the invention relates to an eruption preventive controller for sealing a well bore pipe. The borehole enters an underground formation. The eruption preventive controller has a housing containing a hole to receive the piping through it, and at least one sliding and positionable drawer inside the housing (each of the drawers having a drawer block for sealing the fitting with the piping), and an actuator to selectively activate the drawer block (the actuator having a sliding piston and positioned on a cylinder), and a monitor to detect the piston inside. The monitor includes a visual indicator on the outside of the cylinder. The visual indicator is operationally coupled to the piston to show the position of the piston as the piston moves inside the cylinder and where a drawer position can be determined.
    [0007] The visual indicator can have a cable operationally connected to the piston. The cable can be operationally connected to a dial via a pulley and therefore rotate as the piston moves inside the cylinder. The visual indicator can also have at least one gear to operationally couple the pulley to the display. The visual indicator can have a magnetic coupler to couple the display to the pulley. The visual indicator can have a housing integrated with the cylinder. [0008] The visual indicator can also have a plurality of flags positioned on a flag pole. The plurality of flags can be selectively hoisted as the piston passes in the vicinity. The visual indicator may have a sliding magnet that can be positioned on a guide in response to a magnet on the piston that passes through the surroundings. The visual indicator may have a transparent casing with a plurality of metal filings that move and are positioned inside it in response to a magnet in the piston that moves in the vicinity. The visual indicator can have a transparent housing with a magnetic indicator that moves and is positioned inside it in response to a magnet in the piston that moves in the vicinity. The rash preventive controller may also have a visual indication sensor to detect the visual indicator.
    [0009] The eruption preventive controller may also have an electrical indicator to detect a piston position. The electrical indicator may have a sliding magnet positioned on a guide in response to a magnet on the piston that moves in the vicinity, and at least a Hall Effect sensor to detect the position of the magnet on the guide. The electrical indicator can be an induction resistance sensor that comprises a coil arranged on the cylinder. The electrical indicator can have an ultrasonic sensor of the top end at the top end of the cylinder and an ultrasonic bottom sensor at the bottom end of the cylinder to detect the piston when in the vicinity. The electrical indicator may have an ultrasonic limit sensor. The electrical indicator may have a laser sensor. The electrical indicator may have a capacitive displacement sensor. The electrical indicator can be a sonar sensor to emit sound waves and detect the waves reflected by the piston. The electrical indicator can have at least one proximity sensor. The electric indicator can have a flow sensor to detect the flow of fluid through a cylinder chamber while the piston moves inside.
    [00010] In yet another aspect, the invention relates to a system for sealing a well bore pipe. The system has a preventive eruption controller and an inspector to inspect the visual indicator.
    [00011] The eruption preventive controller has a housing having a hole to receive a pipe through it, and at least one sliding and positionable drawer inside the housing (each of the drawers having a drawer block to seal the fitting with the pipe ), and an actuator to selectively drive the drawer block (the actuator having a sliding piston and positioned inside a cylinder), and a monitor to detect the piston inside. The monitor includes a visual indicator on the outside of the cylinder. The visual indicator is operationally coupled to the piston to show the position of the piston as the piston moves inside the cylinder and where the position of the drawer can be determined. [00012] The eruption preventive controller has a housing having a hole to receive a pipe through it, and at least one sliding and positionable drawer inside the housing (each of the drawers having a drawer block for sealing the fitting with the pipe ), and an actuator to selectively drive the drawer block (the actuator having a sliding piston and positioned inside a cylinder), and a monitor to detect the piston inside. The monitor includes a visual indicator on the outside of the cylinder. The visual indicator is operationally coupled to the piston to show the position of the piston as the piston moves inside the cylinder and where the position of the drawer can be determined.
    [00013] The inspector can be a human or a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). The system can also have a surface unit to receive data from the monitor, and an electrical indicator to detect the position of the piston, and a receiver to communicate signals with the electrical indicator, and / or at least with a sensor to detect the parameters of the well location.
    [00014] In yet another aspect, the invention relates to a method for monitoring an eruption preventive controller. The method involves placing the eruption preventive controller on a pipe, activating at least one of the monitor's visual indicators as the piston passes through the surroundings; and inspect the visual indicators. The eruption preventive controller has a housing having a hole through which to receive the piping, and at least one sliding and positionable drawer inside the housing (each of the drawers having a drawer block for sealing the fitting with the piping), and an actuator to selectively activate the drawer block (the actuator having a sliding piston and positioned inside a cylinder), and a monitor to detect the piston inside. The monitor includes a visual indicator on the outside of the cylinder. The visual indicator is operationally coupled to the piston to show a piston position as the piston moves inside the cylinder and where a drawer position can be determined. The method may also involve detecting the piston position with an electrical indicator, or manually observing the visual indicator, or detecting the visual indicator for activation, and / or passing data from the monitor to a surface unit.
    [00015] Finally, in yet another aspect, the invention relates to an eruption preventive controller to seal a well bore pipe. The eruption preventive controller includes a housing having a hole through which to receive the tubing, and at least one sliding and positionable drawer inside the housing (each of at least one of the drawers having a drawer block to seal the fitting with the tubing), and an actuator to selectively drive the drawer block (the actuator comprising a sliding piston and positionable in a cylinder), and a monitor to detect the piston. The monitor has a housing with a cable inside it. The cable is operationally connected to the piston and moves to activate a visual indicator on the exterior of the housing and where a drawer position can be shown.
    [00016] The monitor can also have a sensor operationally connected to detect the movement of the cable and / or a communication link to pass data from the sensor to a unit on the surface. The visual indicator can have a dial moved in rotation by the cable. The monitor also has at least one gear to operationally couple the cable to the display. The monitor can also have at least one pulley. The housing can be integrated with the cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [00017] In this way the characteristics mentioned above and the advantages of the present invention can be understood in detail, by a more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized above, which can serve as a reference for the following modalities that are illustrated by the attached drawings. It should be noted, however, that the attached drawings illustrate only the typical modalities of this invention and should, therefore, not be considered as limiting its scope, and the invention may admit other equally effective modalities. The Figures are not necessarily to scale and certain characteristics, and certain views of the Figures may be shown exaggerated in scale or in schemes in the interests of clarity and conciseness.
    [00018] Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an offshore well location having an eruption preventive controller (BOP) to seal a pipe.
    [00019] Figure 2 shows in perspective a schematic view of the BOP in Figure 1.
    [00020] Figure 3 shows a schematic side view of the BOP in Figure 2 having one or more actuator (s) and a monitoring system. [00021] Figures 4A - 4N show schematic views of cross-sectional sections of various versions of an actuator part and an operationally connected monitoring system.
    [00022] Figures 5A - 5D show schematic views of cross-sectional sections of additional versions of an actuator and an operationally connected monitoring system.
    [00023] Figure 6 represents a method of monitoring a BOP. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [00024] The following description includes examples of apparatus, methods, techniques and instruction sequences which incorporate techniques of the present subject of the inventive questions. However, it should be understood that the modalities described can be practiced without these specific details.
    [00025] The invention is directed to techniques that provide more effective monitoring and / or gauging of the operation of the preventive eruption controller (BOP). The BOP can be provided with a monitor to detect, for example, a position (or location) of a BOP drawer. These techniques can be used to provide monitoring, such as visual or electrical monitoring, of the BOP from the surface, while the BOP is in use on the seabed. Such monitoring techniques involve one or more of the following, among others: determination of the function of the BOP, determination of the position of the drawer, determination of the sealing position, constant monitoring of the position of the drawer within the BOP, adaptability of the equipment of the well location ( for example, pipes of various diameters).
    [00026] Figure 1 represents a well location offshore 100 having a seal assembly 102 configured to seal a well 105 extending from seabed 107. As shown, seal assembly 102 is positioned on a controller eruption preventive (BOP) 108 which is part of an underwater system 106 positioned on the seabed 107. The underwater system can also comprise a pipe (or tube) 104 extending from the borehole of well 105, and a head of well 110 over the well bore 105, and a conduit 112 extending from the well bore 105 and other subsea devices, such as an extractor or a conductive supply system (not shown). BOP 108 may have a BOP 103 monitoring system for monitoring the operation of BOP 108. While the location of well 100 is represented as an underwater operation, it should be appreciated that the location of well 100 can be based on land or water , and the seal assembly can be used in any well location environment.
    [00027] A surface system 120 can be used to facilitate operations in the location of the well offshore 100. The surface system can include a probe 122, a platform 124 (or vessel) and a surface controller 126. Furthermore, there may be one or more subsea controllers 128, and / or any devices at the well location that can communicate via one or more communications links 134. Communications links 134 may be any appropriate means of communication, such as hydraulic lines, pneumatic lines , steel wires, optical fibers, telemetry, acoustics, wireless communication, any combination of them, or the like. The seal assembly 102, and the monitoring system of the BOP 103, and the BOP 108, and / or other devices in the location of the well 100 can be automatically, or manually and / or selectively operated via surface controllers and submarines 126 and / or 128, respectively. [00028] A remotely operated vehicle (ROV) 121 can optionally be provided to transit below the surface and inspect the monitoring system of the BOP 103. The ROV 121 can be supplied with a camera 135 to show images of the monitoring system of the BOP 103 and / or electrical communicators (for example, communications link 134) to couple with the monitoring system of BOP 103. ROV 121 may be communicating with surface unit 126 via communications link 134. In some cases , a diver or other inspector can be used to visually inspect the BOP 103 monitoring system.
    [00029] Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a BOP 108 that can be used like the BOP 108 of Figure 1. The BOP 108 is schematically represented as a cube-shaped device having a hole (or channel) 220 hollow to receive tubing 104. The BOP is also provided with a channel 222 hollow to receive the seal assembly 102. Although the BOP 108 is represented as having a specific configuration, it should be appreciated that the BOP 108 can take a variety of shapes, and be supplied with other devices, such as sensors (not shown). An example of a BOP that can be used is described in U.S. Patent No. 5735502, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
    [00030] Sealing assembly 102 comprises one or more drawers 202 to seal BOP 108. Drawers 202 can be any device suitable for sealing the interior of BOP 108 and / or cutting piping 104, for example, drawers, blocks of drawers, and / or shear blades. By activating drawers 202 of sealing assembly 102, drawers 202 can move along channel 222 towards piping 104. Sealing assembly 102 can seal piping 104 inside BOP 108, thereby preventing fluids , such as well-bore fluids and / or seawater, to pass through BOP 108. Furthermore, seal assembly 102 can cut tubing 104 if the seal assembly has shear blades.
    [00031] Figure 3 shows a schematic side view of BOP 108 of Figure 2 having an actuator 300 coupled to each of the drawers 202. The actuator 300 can be configured to move the drawers 202 between a non-actuating position where the drawers 202 are not engaged with tubing 104 and an actuation position (as shown in Figure 3) where drawers 202 are engaged with tubing 104. In the non-actuating position, tubing 104 can move through BOP 108 inwards and / or out of the well bore 105 (see, for example, Figure 1). In the actuation position, piping 104 and / or central hole 220 of BOP 108 can be sealed over piping 104 by drawers 202.
    [00032] The actuator 300 as shown, is a hydraulic actuator configured to move a piston 304 inside a cylinder 306 using a hydraulic fluid supplied to the actuator 300. The cylinder 306 has a side 307, a head 309 and a reverse part 311. Piston 304 slides in motion inside cylinder 306 by selectively applied hydraulic pressure, for example. Piston 304 can be coupled to a rod 308 (or drawer shaft) that is configured to move the drawers as the piston moves. Although actuator 300 is shown as a hydraulic piston and cylinder, actuator 300 can be any suitable actuator for moving drawers 202 between actuation and non-actuation positions. [00033] As piston 304 moves inside cylinder 306, the monitoring system of BOP 103 can monitor the location of piston 304. With the location of piston 304 determined, the location of drawers 202 within BOP 108 can be determined. The data collected by the BOP 103 monitoring system can be sent via communication links 134 to surface and submarine controller (s) 126/128 in order, for example, to determine how the BOP 108 is operating. The BOP 103 monitoring system can be any appropriate system for determining the location of pistons 304, rods 308 and / or drawers 202 within BOP 108. Preferably, monitoring system 103 is also capable of determining other interior parameters the BOP 108 well hole, its components and / or the associated conditions inside the well hole.
    [00034] Figures 4A - 4N represent cross-sectional views of part of the actuator 306 a - m having several versions of a monitoring system 103 a - m usable as actuator 300 and monitoring system 103 in Figure 3. As shown in each of these figures, piston 304 is sliding in motion inside cylinder 306. Monitoring systems 103 a - m are each positioned on cylinder 306e and have devices to detect the position of piston 304 inside it. Each piston 304 is operationally connected to a drawer 202 (see Figures 2 and 3) and, therefore, a position of the drawers 202 (and / or components) can also be determined. A visual indication sensor S can optionally be positioned over the monitoring systems to detect activation, position, or other parameters of the location of the well and / or components, such as the 103 to - m monitoring systems.
    [00035] Figure 4A represents an actuator 300a with the BOP 103a monitoring system as an inductive resistance sensor 400. The inductive resistance sensor 400 can have one or more coils 402 that hug around the outside of the 307 side of the cylinder 306. A current can be supplied for coils 402 and a resistance on coils 402 can be measured during operation of the actuator (s) 300a.
    [00036] Piston 304 moves inside cylinder 306 between cylinder head 309 and the reverse part of cylinder 311 of BOP 108. The resistance in coils 402 changes as a function of the location of piston 304. The resistance of the coils 402 can change individually as the piston passes in the vicinity, indicating that piston 304 is adjacent to a certain coil 402. Changes in resistance can be used to determine the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined. The coil inductance can be measured and received by the ROV 121 and / or the surface unit 126 (Figure 1) to provide an electrical indication of the location of piston 304 and drawer 202. Sensor S can be provided to pass signals from from coils 402 to a receiver positioned on the location of well 100. A visual indicator, such as those provided here, can also optionally be coupled to the monitoring system 103a to provide a visual indication of position upon activation by the monitoring system 103a. [00037] Figure 4B represents an actuator 300b with a monitoring system 103b as a magnetic signal sensor 410. The magnetic signal sensor 410 may have one or more beacons 412 located on the outside of the 307 side of a cylinder 306. Each of the flags 412 can be attached to the cylinder 306 on an axis 414 that allows the electromagnet 412 to rotate around it in response to a magnet of the piston 416 passing nearby. Each 412 electromagnet can be magnetic or have a magnet inside. Each electromagnet 412 can have a gravitational position downwards, and it rises as the magnet of the 416 passes in the vicinity.
    [00038] Piston magnet 416 can be any magnet attached to, or close to, piston 304. As piston 304 moves within cylinder 306 between the reverse part of cylinder 311 and cylinder head 309, the Piston magnet 416 raises flags 412 next to piston 304. Hoisted flags 412 can be used to provide a visual indication of the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) may also be indicated. The S sensor can also be operationally coupled to one or more beacons to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of the activation of a given electromagnet. The S sensor can pass the signal to various components to communicate the position of piston 304.
    [00039] Figure 4C represents an actuator 300c with a monitoring system of BOP 103c with a sliding magnetic sensor 418. The sliding magnetic sensor 418 can have one or more sliding magnets attached to a guide rod 422 located on the outside of side 307 of cylinder 306. Each of the sliding magnets 420 can be attached to the guide rod 422 in a manner that allows the sliding magnet 420 to travel along the guide rod 422 in response to the movement of a magnet of the piston 416.
    [00040] As piston 304 moves inside cylinder 306 between the reverse part of cylinder 311 and cylinder head 309, piston 304 with an associated magnet 416 moves the sliding magnet 420 close to piston 304. The location of the sliding magnet can provide a visual indication of piston 304. Limit switches or other devices, such as the S sensor, can also be used to detect and / or communicate the position of the sliding magnet 420 along the guide rod 422. The location of the sliding magnet 420 can be used to determine the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined.
    [00041] Figure 4D represents an actuator 300d and a monitoring system of the BOP 130d as an ultrasonic sensor 424. The ultrasonic sensor 424 can have one or more ultrasonic inductors located around the outside on the 307 side of the 306 cylinder. ultrasonic inductors 426 produces ultrasonic waves 428 that are directed into cylinder 306 and then detected by a receiver 429. As shown, receiver 429 is positioned at BOP 108.
    [00042] Changes in ultrasonic waves 428 may indicate the location of piston 304 next to one or more of the ultrasonic inductors 426. As piston 304 moves within cylinder 306 between the aft portion of cylinder 311 and cylinder head 309, the changes detected in ultrasonic waves 428 can be used to determine the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined. Ultrasonic waves detected by receiver 429 can be passed to ROV 121 and / or surface unit 126 (Figure 1) to provide an indication of the location of piston 304 and drawer 202. Sensor S can also be operationally coupled to one or more ultrasonic inductors 426 to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of the activation of a given ultrasonic inductor. The S sensor can pass the signal to various components, such as receiver 429, to communicate a position of piston 304.
    [00043] A visual indicator, such as those provided here, can also optionally be coupled to the 103d monitoring system to provide a visual indication of the position upon activation by the 103d monitoring system.
    [00044] Figure 4E represents a 300e actuator and a BOP 103e monitoring system as an ultrasonic limit sensor 430. The ultrasonic limit sensor 430 can have two ultrasonic inductors 426, 427 each located close to the limits of the piston ride 304 inside cylinder 306. For example, one of the ultrasonic inductors 426 can be located close to the aft portion of cylinder 311 and the second ultrasonic inductor 427 can be located adjacent to side 307 of cylinder 306. The second ultrasonic inductor 427 on side 307 it can be located near the curb limit adjacent to cylinder head 309 of piston 304.
    [00045] Each of the ultrasonic inductors 426, 427 produce ultrasonic waves that are directed into the cylinder 306 and then detected by a receiver 429. Changes in the ultrasonic waves 428 may indicate the location of piston 304 near the ultrasonic inductor 426, 427. As the piston 304 moves inside the cylinder 306 between the reverse part of the cylinder 311 and the cylinder head 309, the changes detected in the ultrasonic waves 428 indicate when the piston 304 reaches the travel limits both in the non-actuation position or actuation position. Therefore, the changes detected in the ultrasonic waves can be used to determine a position of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined. Ultrasonic waves detected by receiver 429 can be passed to ROV 121 and / or to surface unit 126 (Figure 1) to provide an indication of the position of piston 304 and drawer 202. The S sensor can also be operationally coupled to one or more of the ultrasonic inductors 426, 427 to provide an electrical or visual indication of the activation of a given ultrasonic inductor.
    [00046] The S sensor can pass the signal to various components, such as receiver 429, to communicate the position of piston 304. A visual indicator, such as those provided here, can also be optionally coupled to the 103e monitoring system to provide a visual indication of the position upon activation by the 103e monitoring system. [00047] Figure 4F represents a 300f actuator and a BOP 103f monitoring system as a 432 laser sensor. The laser sensor 432 can have one or more laser inductors 434 located near the end of the 300f actuator. As shown, the laser inductors are located near the reverse part of the cylinder 311. The laser inductor 434 can direct a laser 436 through a hole 438 of the cylinder 306. [00048] Laser 436 can reach part of the piston 304 The 436 laser may have the capability of a conventional distance meter that can be used to determine the distance between the reverse portion of cylinder 311 and piston 304 as the piston moves within cylinder 306. The location of the piston 304 as determined by laser sensor 432 can be used to determine the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined. The location detected by laser sensor 432 can be passed to ROV 121 and / or the surface unit (Figure 1) to provide an indication of the location of piston 304 and drawer 202. Sensor S can also be operationally coupled to the 103f monitoring system to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of the position detected by the 436 laser. The S sensor can pass the signal to various components to communicate the position of the piston 304. A visual indicator, such as those provided here, can also optionally be coupled to the 103f monitoring system to provide a visual indication of the position upon activation by the 103f monitoring system.
    [00049] Figure 4G represents a 300g actuator and a BOP 103g monitoring system as a 440 linear magnetic sensor. The 440 linear magnetic sensor can have a 442 magnet sensor coupled to the rear part of the cylinder 311. The 442 magnet sensor can if coupled with a linear sensor 444 which is installed in cylinder 306 through an orifice 438 in the reverse part of cylinder 311. The linear sensor 444 can detect the movement of a magnet of piston 416 as piston 304 moves. As shown, piston 304 may have a cavity 446 to allow piston 304 to pass linear sensor 444 without engaging with linear sensor 444.
    [00050] While piston 304 moves within cylinder 306 between the reverse part of cylinder 311 and cylinder head 309, linear sensor 444 detects the location of piston magnet 416. The location of piston magnet 416 can be used to determine the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined. The location detected by linear sensor 444 can be passed to ROV 121 and / or surface unit 126 (Figure 1) to provide an indication of the location of piston 304 and drawer 202. Sensor S can also be operationally coupled to the 103g monitoring system to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of the position detected by the linear sensor 444. Sensor S can pass the signal to various components to communicate the position of piston 304. A visual indicator, such as those provided here, can also optionally be coupled to the 103g monitoring system to provide a visual indication of the position upon activation by the 103g monitoring system. [00051] Figure 4H represents a 300h actuator and a BOP 103h monitoring system as a Hall Effect sensor 448. The Hall Effect sensor 448 can have one or more sliding magnets 420 attached to a guide rod 422 located on outer side 307 of cylinder 306. Each of the sliding magnets can be attached to the guide rod in a way that allows the sliding magnet 420 to travel along the guide rod 422 in response to the movement of piston magnet 416 on piston 304. As far as where piston 304 moves within cylinder 306 between the reverse portion of cylinder 311 and cylinder head 309, the piston magnet moves the sliding magnet 420 close to piston 304.
    [00052] Proximity sensors 421 can be positioned on both sides of the sliding magnet 420 to detect the position of the sliding magnet. The magnet 420 can be detected by the proximity sensors 421 as the magnet approaches and therefore indicating the position of the piston 304. Therefore, the Hall Effect sensor 448 can provide a specific electrical and / or visual indication of the position or location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined. The location detected by the Hall Effect sensor 448 can be passed to ROV 121 and / or surface unit 126 (Figure 1) to provide an indication of the location of piston 304 and drawer 202. Sensor S can also be operationally coupled to the 103h monitoring system to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of the position detected by the linear sensor 444. The S sensor can pass the signal to various components to communicate the position of the Hall Effect sensor 448.
    [00053] Figure 4I represents a 300i actuator and a BOP 103i monitoring system as a magnetic motion sensor 450. The magnetic motion sensor 450 can have one or more magnetic indicators (or filings) 452 located inside a housing transparent 454. The transparent housing 454 can be, for example, a tube located on the outside of the 307 side of the cylinder 306. Each of the indicator magnets can be attached inside the transparent housing 454 near the cylinder 306 in a manner that allows the indicator magnetic 452 moving inside transparent housing 454 in response to the movement of piston magnet 416.
    [00054] As shown in Figure 4I, the magnetic indicator 452 is a plurality of magnetic filings. However, the magnetic indicator 452 can be any appropriate indicator such as one or more magnetic sphere (s) (as shown in Figure 4J).
    [00055] The transparent casing 454 may be of any suitable shape to allow the magnetic indicator 452 to move. The transparent housing 454 can be transparent to allow visual inspection of the location of the magnetic indicator 452, as the magnetic indicator moves within the transparent housing 454. The magnetic indicator 452 can be used to provide a visual indication of the location of the piston 304 and stem 308. As piston 304 moves inside cylinder 306 between the reverse part of cylinder 311 and cylinder head 309, a magnet of piston 416 on piston 304 moves magnetic indicator 452 through transparent housing 454 to a position close to piston 304. The location of magnetic indicator 452 can be used to determine the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the position of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) may also be determined. The S sensor can also be operationally coupled to the 103i monitoring system to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of the position detected by the magnetic indicator 452. The S sensor can pass the signal to various components to communicate a position of the piston 304.
    [00056] Figure 4J represents an actuator 300j and a monitoring system of BOP 103j as another magnetic motion sensor 453. The monitoring system 103j is similar to the monitoring system 103i, except that the transparent housing 454 as shown in Figure 4J can be a transparent channel (or tube) to receive the magnetic indicator 453 and allow it to move inside. The magnetic sensor 453 can be, for example, a sphere that rolls through the transparent rail as the piston moves inside the cylinder 306.
    [00057] As piston 304 moves inside cylinder 306 between cylinder head 309 and aft part 311 of BOP 108, piston magnet 416 moves magnetic indicator 453 next to piston 304. The location The magnetic indicator inside the transparent tube can be used to provide a visual indication of the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined. The S sensor can also be operationally coupled to the 103j monitoring system to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of the position detected by the magnetic indicator 453. The S sensor can pass the signal to various components to communicate the position of the piston 304.
    [00058] Figures 4K - 4N represent various configurations of a 103k, l, l 'monitor. Figures 4K - 4m represent longitudinal views in cross section of an actuator 300k, l, l ', and Figure 4N represents a final view. Figure 4K represents a 300k actuator and a BOP 103k monitoring system as a 456 gear control sensor. The 456 gear control sensor can have a 458 gear control housing coupled to the rear part of cylinder 311. The The gear control housing may have a cable (or flexible means) 460 that is installed inside the cylinder 306 through an orifice 438 inside. Cable 460 can be coupled with piston 304 and can move together as piston 304 moves inside cylinder 306. A pulley 469 can be provided to control gears 462 as cable 460 moves with piston 304.
    [00059] As the piston 304 moves from the non-actuation position to the actuation position, the cable can be pulled by the piston 304. The movement of the cable 460 can rotate one or more gears 462 installed inside the gear control housing 458. One of the gears 462 can couple and / or rotate a first part of a magnetic coupler 464 installed inside the gear control housing 458.
    [00060] The first part of the magnetic coupler 464 can magnetically attach to a second part of the magnetic coupler 466 installed outside the gear control housing 458.
    [00061] The rotation of the second part of the magnetic coupler 466 can be measured and used to determine the location of the piston 304 as it moves inside the cylinder 306. An indicator pointer 467 can be positioned on the magnetic coupler 466 and rotated inside. The position of the indicator hand can be used as an electrical and / or visual indicator to indicate the position of piston 304. As shown in Figure 4N, the indicator hand can rotate to a position along the second part of the 466 magnetic coupler. rotation of indicator pointer 467 can correlate with a piston position on cylinder 306.
    [00062] The gears 462 can be wound in spring so as to retract the cable 460 when piston 304 moves from the actuation position to the non-actuation position. The location of the piston as indicated visually by indicator pointer 467 can be used to determine the location of piston 304 and stem 308. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined.
    [00063] Figure 4L represents a 300l actuator with a BOP 103l monitoring system as a pulley control. In system 103l as shown in Figure 4L, cable 460 is wrapped around a first pulley 469 and a second pulley 468 inside the pulley housing 458. So, as the piston 304 moves inside the cylinder 306, pulley 468 is rotated. The pulley 468 can be coupled with the first part of the magnetic coupler 464 located inside the pulley housing 458. The first part of the magnetic coupler 464 can be magnetically coupled with the second part of the magnetic coupler 466 located outside the pulley housing 458 .
    [00064] The rotation of the second part of the magnetic coupler 466 can be measured and used to determine the location of piston 304 and stem 308 as it moves inside cylinder 306 in a similar manner to that described for Figure 4K . As also described with reference to Figure 4J, the indicator hand can be used to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of piston 304. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined.
    [00065] Figure 4M represents an actuator 300m with a monitoring system of BOP 130l'm as a pulley command. The actuator 300m is similar to the actuator 300l, except that the pulley housing 458 its contents are rotated by 90 degrees, and the pulley housing is integrated with cylinder 306. As indicated by Figure 4M, the visual indicators (or monitors) here can be positioned in various locations on cylinder 306 for easy viewing. As also indicated by Figure 4M, visual indicators (or monitors) can be installed in housings integrated with cylinder 306 (or separated from it as shown by Figures 4K and 4L).
    [00066] The rotation of the second part of the 466 magnetic coupler can be measured and used to determine the location of pistons 304 and stem 308 as it moves inside cylinder 306 in a manner similar to that described for Figure 4K . As also described for Figure 4J, indicator hand 467 can be used to provide a visual indication of piston 304. Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined.
    [00067] The movement of the 467 indicator hand can be detected by the S sensor. The S sensor can also be operationally coupled to the 103k-m monitoring system to provide an electrical or visual indication of the 467 indicator hand position. The S sensor can pass the signal for various components to communicate the position of piston 304.
    [00068] Figures 5A - D represent alternative schemes, with cross-sectional views of a 300m - p actuator containing various versions of a 103m - p monitoring system usable as actuator 300 and the BOP 103 monitoring system from Figure 3 and representing their operation.
    [00069] As shown in each of these figures, piston 304 has a sliding movement inside cylinder 306. In these figures, for simplicity, rod 308 is not shown. The monitoring systems 103m - p are each installed on cylinder 306 and have devices to detect a position of piston 304 inside. Each piston 304 is operationally connected with a drawer 202 (see Figures 2 and 3) and, therefore, a position of the drawers 202 (and / or their components) can also be determined. In each of these 103m - p monitoring systems, an S sensor can also be operationally coupled to the 103m - p monitoring system to provide an electrical and / or visual indication of the detected position of piston 304. The S sensor can pass the signal to various components to communicate the position of the piston 304. A visual indicator, such as those provided here, can also be optionally coupled to the 103m - p monitoring system to provide a visual indication of the position upon activation by the 103g monitoring system. [00070] Figure 5A represents a 3m actuator and a BOP 103m monitoring system as a capacitive displacement sensor 506. Capacitive displacement sensor 506 can flow a current 502 inside cylinder 306. Current 502 can be sent to the interior of cylinder 306 with one or more source electrodes 504 coupled to the reverse portion of cylinder 311.
    [00071] A sensor electrode 506 can detect the current after the current has reached piston 304. Changes in the current detected by sensor electrode 506 can be used to determine the distance of piston 304 from the reverse part of cylinder 311. The location of piston 304 can be used to determine the position of piston 304 (and stem 308 not shown). Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined.
    [00072] Figure 5B represents a 300n actuator and a BOP 103n monitoring system as a 508 sonar sensor. The 508 sonar sensor can produce a 510 sonar wave inside cylinder 306.
    [00073] The sonar wave 510 can be propagated inside the cylinder 306 and reflected back by the piston 304. The reflected sonar wave 510 can be detected by a receiver 512.
    [00074] Changes in the detected sonar wave 510 can be used to determine the distance of piston 304 from the reverse part of cylinder 311. The location of piston 304 can be used to determine the position of piston 304 (and stem 308 not shown). Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined.
    [00075] Figure 5C represents an actuator 300o and a monitoring system of BOP 103o with one or more proximity sensor (s) 514. The proximity sensor (s) 514 can be any appropriate detection sensor that determine the location of the piston inside the cylinder 306. For example, the proximity sensor can be a mechanical sensor such as a button or key, an electrical sensor such as an extensometer, a sonar sensor, and the like. Proximity sensor 514 can be attached, for example, to ROV 121 or surface unit 126. [00076] Sensor (s) 514 can detect the location of piston 304 when piston 304 is in the actuating position and / or in the non-acting position. There may also be multiple proximity sensor (s) 514 along cylinder 306 in order to give the location of piston 304 as piston 304 travels inside cylinder 306. The location of piston 304 can be used to determine the piston position 304 ( ) (and stem 308 not shown). Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined.
    [00077] Figure 5D represents an actuator 300p and a monitoring system of the BOP 103p as a flow sensor 516. The flow sensor 516 can be, for example, a mechanical totalizing flow meter configured to measure the flow in and / or out of cylinder 306 as piston 304 is extended and retracted. The flow sensor 516 can be coupled to a fluid source, such as a tank (not shown).
    [00078] Pumps, piping or other fluid devices can be provided to assist in handling fluid flow through the 516 flow sensor.
    [00079] With the known internal volume of the cylinder, the hydraulic flow into the cylinder can be used to calculate the position of piston 304 inside the cylinder. Alternatively, when the piston is retracted in the direction of the non-actuating position, the mechanical flowmeter can be set back to zero instead of measuring the outflow. The location of piston 304 can be used to determine the position of piston 304 (and stem 308 not shown). Therefore, the location of drawers 202 (as shown in Figure 3) can also be determined.
    [00080] Each of the monitors 103a - p shown in Figures 4A - 4N, 5A - 5D can be used to indicate the position of piston 304. These monitors 103a - p can be coupled via a communication link (for example, 134 of the Figure 1) to ROV 121 and / or surface unit 126 to pass signals between them. Such signals may contain data that can indicate (or be analyzed to indicate) the position of piston 304. Some of the monitors 103a - p may provide visual indicators (for example, monitors 103b - c, i - l) such as the 412 flags of Figure 4B, the magnets 420 of Figures 4C and 4H, the magnetic indicators 452, 453 of Figures 4I and 4J, which can be visually inspected by an operator, by the ROV, or by a camera or other devices to determine the position of the piston . Visual indicators can also be provided with visual indication sensors to electrically indicate a position of the sensors. Some of the monitors 103a - p may provide monitor sensors having electrical indicators (for example, monitors 103a, d - h, m - p) that can send signals to the surface unit indicating the piston position. One or more of the cylinders 306 of the BOP 108 may be supplied with one or more of the monitors 103a - p over various locations.
    [00081] Figure 6 is a flow chart representing a method (600) for monitoring an eruption preventive controller. The method (600) involves placing (680) the eruption preventive controller on a pipe, activating (682) at least one of the monitor's visual indicators while the piston passes through the surroundings, inspecting (684) the visual indicators, and detecting (686 ) a piston position with an electrical indicator. Inspection may also involve manually viewing the visual indicators and / or detecting the visual indicators for activation. The method can also involve additional steps, such as passing data from the monitor to a surface unit. The steps can be performed in an order, and repeated as desired.
    [00082] It should be appreciated by those more versed in the technique that the techniques disclosed here can be implemented by automated / autonomous applications via operational programs configured with algorithms to perform the desired functions. These aspects can be implemented by programming one or more appropriate general purpose computers with appropriate equipment. Programming can be accomplished through one or more program storage devices readable by the processor (s) and by coding one or more instruction programs executable by the computer to perform the operations described here. The program storage device can take the form of, for example, one or more diskettes, a CD ROM (from the acronym in English for compact disk read only memory) or another optical disk; a read-only memory (ROM) circuit for read only memory; and other forms of the type well known in the art or subsequently developed. The instruction program can be “objective code”, that is, in a binary form that can be more or less executable by the computer; or in “source code” which requires compilation or interpretation before execution; or in some intermediate way such as partially compiled code. The precise forms of the program storage device and the coding of the instructions are immaterial here. Aspects of the invention can also be configured to perform the functions described (via appropriate equipment / operational programs) independently on location and / or remotely via an extended communications network (for example, wireless, internet, satellite, etc.).
    [00083] While the modalities are described as a reference for various implantations and explorations, it must be understood that these modalities are illustrative and that the scope of the subject of the inventive question is not limited by them. Many variations, modifications, additions and improvements are possible. For example, one or more monitors can be installed on one or more cylinders of an eruption preventive controller. Also, the monitoring devices described herein can detect the position of piston 304 (and other positions of drawer 202) in the non-actuating position, in the actuating position, and / or in all other positions between them.
    [00084] Plural circumstances may have been provided for components, for operations or for structures described here as a singular circumstance. In general, the structures and features presented as separate components in an example configuration can be deployed as a combined structure or component. Similarly, the structures and features presented as a single component can be deployed as separate components. These and other variations, modifications, additions and improvements may fall within the scope of the subject of the inventive question.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    1. Eruption preventive controller (108) to seal a pipe (104) from a well hole (105), the well hole penetrating an underground formation, the eruption preventive controller comprising: a housing having a hole (220) for through it receive the pipe; at least one drawer (202) slidably positioned inside the housing, and each of the at least one of the drawers having a drawer block to seal the fitting with the pipe; and an actuator (300) to selectively drive the drawer block, and the actuator comprising a piston (304) slidably positioned on a cylinder (306); and, a monitor (103) to detect the piston in it, and the monitor comprising a visual indicator (400k, l, m) on the outside of a cylinder to display the position of the piston (304) while the piston (304) moves inside the cylinder, characterized by: a cable (460) operationally connected to the piston (304) and moved with it to activate the visual indicator through which a position of at least one drawer (202) can be determined.
    [2]
    2. Eruption preventive controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable is operationally connected to a display (467) via a pulley (469) and therefore rotatable as the piston moves inside the cylinder.
    [3]
    3. Rash prevention controller according to claim 2, characterized in that the visual indicator (400k) additionally comprises at least one gear (462) to operationally couple the pulley to the display.
    [4]
    4. Rash prevention controller according to either of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the visual indicator (4001) additionally comprises a magnetic coupler (464) to couple the display to the pulley.
    [5]
    5. Rash prevention controller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it additionally comprises a visual indication sensor (S) to detect the visual indicator.
    [6]
    6. Rash preventive controller according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it additionally comprises an electrical indicator (300a-p) to detect the piston position.
    [7]
    7. Eruption preventive controller according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrical indicator (300h) comprises a sliding magnet (420) positioned on a guide (422) in response to a piston magnet that passes in its vicinity, and at least one Hall Effect sensor (416) to detect the position of the magnet on the guide.
    [8]
    Eruption preventive controller according to either of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the electrical indicator comprises an inductive resistance sensor (300a) comprising a coil (402) arranged on the cylinder.
    [9]
    9. Rash preventive controller according to any one of claims 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the electrical indicator comprises a top-end ultrasonic sensor (300e) at the top end of the cylinder and an ultrasonic bottom-end sensor at the bottom end of the cylinder to detect the piston when in its vicinity.
    [10]
    10. Rash preventive controller according to any of claims 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the electrical indicator comprises an ultrasonic limit sensor (300d), a laser sensor (300f), a capacitive displacement sensor ( 400m), a sonar sensor (400n), at least one proximity sensor (400o), or a flow sensor (400p).
    [11]
    11. Rash prevention controller according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises an inspector (121) to inspect the visual indicator.
    [12]
    12. Monitoring method, characterized by the fact that the device is used as defined in any of claims 1 to 11.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2588709A2|2013-05-08|
    SG185569A1|2012-12-28|
    BR112012031718A2|2016-11-01|
    CA2803533C|2018-03-06|
    US20120000646A1|2012-01-05|
    CA2803533A1|2012-01-05|
    NO2588709T3|2018-07-21|
    EP2588709B1|2018-02-21|
    US8978698B2|2015-03-17|
    WO2012003146A2|2012-01-05|
    CN103025995B|2016-11-16|
    EP2588709A4|2016-04-20|
    CN103025995A|2013-04-03|
    US20150159459A1|2015-06-11|
    US9708877B2|2017-07-18|
    WO2012003146A3|2012-02-23|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-07-30| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-01-14| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-03-10| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 24/06/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US36078310P| true| 2010-07-01|2010-07-01|
    US61/360,783|2010-07-01|
    US13/168,594|US8978698B2|2010-07-01|2011-06-24|Blowout preventer monitoring system and method of using same|
    US13/168,594|2011-06-24|
    PCT/US2011/041894|WO2012003146A2|2010-07-01|2011-06-24|Blowout preventer monitoring system and method of using same|
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